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Operator: OpenAI’s new AI agent between potential and limitations
Operator: OpenAI’s AI Agent That Promises to Improve Online Automation Amid Innovation, Privacy, and Technical Challenges
Isabella V24 January 2025

 

OpenAI’s innovative AI agent Operator has been touted as a solution that can automate everyday online tasks while providing security and control for users. However, data management and technical limitations raise questions.

Key Points:

  • Operator automates bookings, purchases and other web activities.
  • Data retention for 90 days and privacy criticisms.
  • Strategic partnerships with companies to optimize functionality.
  • Limitations on complex activities and mandatory supervision in sensitive contexts.

OpenAI recently announced Operator, an AI agent designed to automate a variety of online tasks, such as booking travel, shopping, and managing deliveries. Initially available as a research preview for ChatGPT Pro subscribers in the United States, Operator represents a significant step in the evolution of virtual assistants. With a built-in browser, the agent can navigate websites and perform human-like actions, such as clicking buttons or filling out forms, without relying on APIs. This capability is enabled by the Computer-Using Agent (CUA) model, which combines GPT-4’s advanced vision and reasoning capabilities to interact naturally with web interfaces.

However, privacy and data management have raised concerns. OpenAI has confirmed that screenshots of Operator interactions can be retained for up to 90 days, compared to the 30 days provided for ChatGPT. The extension is being justified as necessary to investigate abuse, improve security, and improve fraud monitoring. Still, some users may feel reluctant to share personal activity, despite OpenAI’s assurances that access to data is limited and that no screenshots are taken when entering passwords or on sensitive sites.

Operator is part of an emerging class of AI agents that promise to simplify the relationship with the web by automating tasks that would otherwise take time and effort. OpenAI has worked with companies such as eBay, DoorDash, and Uber to ensure compatibility with their respective platforms, aiming to make the agent reliable and secure. However, at this early stage, Operator has technical limitations that reduce its effectiveness in complex or specialized scenarios, such as creating presentations or managing complex calendars. Even some seemingly simple functions, such as sending emails, are currently disabled, although OpenAI plans to update them in the future.

The implemented security measures seek to prevent abuse and malicious use, such as phishing or cyber attacks. Additionally, OpenAI requires active supervision of users in sensitive situations, such as entering banking information, thus limiting the possibility of errors or unintended consequences. Despite the precautions, the agent is not immune to errors or crashes when it encounters complex web interfaces, CAPTCHAs, or non-standard systems.

OpenAI’s choice to launch Operator as a preview reflects a cautious approach to a technology that, while promising, poses significant challenges in terms of security and reliability.

This tool is positioned as the first real test of whether AI agents can deliver on their promise to radically change the way we interact with the web.